*2013년 7월 2일 게시
2013년 지속가능한 아시아 협력 회의
■ 일시: 2013. 6. 27 (목) ~ 29 (토)
■ 장소: 송도 글로벌 캠퍼스
■ 주최: 인천광역시, 인하대학교 대학원
■ 주관: Global Forum for e-Governance, Global e-Governance 연구소, 아시아비즈니스포럼, u-Incheon Forum
■ 참석자: 국내외 기조연설자, 세션 발표 및 참가자 약 150명
UNIDO 서울사무소 대표 기조연설문
[국문요약]
유엔산업개발기구는 유엔의 전문기구 중 하나로서 개도국의 산업개발을 촉진하는 것을 설립 목적으로 삼고 있습니다. 유엔산업개발기구는 경제 성장, 빈곤 감축과 밀레니엄 개발목표(MDGs)를 이루기 위해서는 경쟁력 있고 환경적으로 지속적 발전이 가능한 산업이 주된 역할을 한다고 보고 서로 밀접한 관련이 있는 빈곤감축, 자체 무역역량 강화 그리고 에너지환경 분야에 집중함으로써 전세계 빈곤층의 삶의 질 향상에 기여를 하고 있습니다.
지금까지의 개발 협력 역사상 북-남 개발 협력에 있어서 가장 일반적인 형태는 양자 원조였으며 이와 같은 추세는 현재까지도 유효합니다. 하지만 근래에 우리는 남-남 협력 및 민-관 협력이라는 새로운 형태의 협력 방식의 출현을 목격하고 있으며 지구촌 공동체에서도 이러한 새로운 추세를 인식하고 있습니다.
하지만 1974년부터 남-남 협력의 중요성을 거듭 인식해온 개도국들의 관점에서 봤을 때에는 결코 이러한 추세는 전혀 새로운 현상이 아닐 것입니다. 한국은 개도국들에게는 살아있는 본보기입니다. 한국은 50년 이내에 원조 수혜국에서 원조 지원국으로 탈바꿈한 특별한 경험이 있는 국가입니다. 한국은 경제 개발에서부터 시작해서 정치적 개발 및 최종적으로 사회적 개발을 통한 급진적이고 포괄적인 경제발전을 구현하였습니다.
지속가능한 아시아 협력을 위해 한국의 향후 개발협력 전략이 나아가야 할 방향과 관련하여 두 가지 정책적 제안을 하고자 합니다. 첫째, 한국은 개발 협력의 범위 (scope)와 효과성 (impact)에 있어서 더욱 포괄적이고 근본적인 접근 방식을 취해야 할 것입니다. 둘째, 한국의 협력 모델은 일방적인 원조형태 대신 상호적 이익을 창출할 수 있는 윈-윈 전략이 필요할 것 입니다.
[영문원본]
First of all, I would like to congratulate Incheon City on its great achievements such as hosting the GCF secretariat and many offices of international organizations. I believe these are going to be important steps towards becoming a genuine “international” city.
Also, today, I would like to congratulate Inha University on organizing this international conference.
I must say I am very thankful for the invitation and it is my honor to take part in this event.
Sustainable development has been a long overdue issue in the international community and recently been highlighted as one of key emerging “global” agenda.
Today, I would like to share with you what UNIDO has been doing for this cause and dare to suggest some policy options to the Korean central as well as provincial governments and to the Korean academia. These recommendations are coming from me as a representative of one UN organization who faces the issues of development cooperation in the field.
UNIDO is a specialized agency of the UN system. Its primary objective is to promote and accelerate industrial development of developing countries.
UNIDO believes that competitive and environmentally sustainable industry has a crucial role to play in accelerating economic growth, reducing poverty and achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). UNIDO works towards improving the quality of life of the world’s poor by focusing on three inter-related thematic areas of poverty reduction through productive activities, trade capacity-building and energy and the environment.
UNIDO is a member of the United Nations Development Group, the entity that unites 32 UN funds, programmes and offices that play a role in development. UNIDO works closely with other partners in the UN system to achieve sustainable economic empowerment of all.
In order to boost technological advancement and to promote environmental sustainability in developing countries, UNIDO has a number of different initiatives. For example, UNIDO has established a well-functioning network of investment and Technology Promotion Offices (ITPOs) to reduce development imbalances by brokering investment and technology agreements between developed and developing countries. Located in both hemispheres, the specialized network opens up opportunities for investors and technology suppliers to find potential partners, and offer unique services to both entrepreneurs and business institutions.
UNIDO also implements a vast range of technical cooperation projects. The main purpose of which is economic empowerment and employment creation. They are proving successful because there is local and national ownership, with UNIDO playing the role of facilitator and long-term partner.
Another example is UNIDO’s contribution to the UN SG’s ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ initiative. Our focus here is on improving energy efficiency in industry. This is one of the most cost-effective measures to help supply-constrained developing countries meet their increasing energy demand and loosen the link between economic growth and environmental degradation, such as climate change.
In a word, UNIDO, from capacity building to sustainable resource production, works across the developed countries and developing countries to foster collaboration towards a greener future.
In the development cooperation history, “bilateral aid” has been the most common tool of development assistance in the North-South development cooperation. This is still the fact in reality.
However, today, we are witnessing a new trend emerging towards promoting south-south cooperation and public-private partnership. And the world community has started to recognize these new trends.
One good example is ‘the Busan Declaration’ in 2011, adopted at the 4th High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness of the OECD DAC meeting.
Many scholars, nowadays, give special attention to these trends and emphasize the rising importance of new development cooperation elements like non-aid factor such as foreign direct investment (FDI) and south-south cooperation than the traditional ‘official development aid (ODA).’
As a representative of the UN agency and from a point of view of UN man, this is not a new phenomenon for developing countries as they have constantly been recognizing the importance of south-south cooperation since 1974.
In 1974, the UN General Assembly established a Special Unit for South-South Cooperation (SU-SSC) within the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in order to promote technical cooperation among developing countries.
Functions of SU-SSC are to promote trends in SSC among UN agencies as well as globally, to prepare reports to the SG on the status of SS cooperation and to manage the UN Fund for SS cooperation
Korea is a living model to the developing countries. Korea has a very unique experience of transiting itself from an aid recipient country to an aid donor country within a half century, thanks to its rapid inclusive development, starting from economic development to political and lastly social development.
Many developing countries, no!, most of the developing countries would like to desperately learn from the unique Korean experiences of development. Korea is well-positioned to expand its horizon in the field of trilateral cooperation linking developing countries for south-south cooperation. Many developing countries are looking forward to seeing this happen sooner rather than later. Korea should take a lead in this field. Korea should do more for this cause.
One more critical factor for Korea to consider is the 1st phase of MDG will close soon. The 2nd phase of MDG is expected to start from 2015. International community has already started to discuss about what features the post MDG should have. In this context, it is important what Korea will be able to do and what Korea shall do? Korea is in a cross-road, in a sense.
Having said all these, I would like to propose two suggestions for food-for-thought.
First, Korea should take a more comprehensive and grassroots approach to development cooperation agenda.
Both the central and provincial governments, both the public and private sectors and the academia altogether should be more involved in the cooperation framework based on their distinctive talents and areas of expertise. By doing this, I believe Korea will be able to create its own scheme for development cooperation.
This way, Korea will be able to deliver more grass-rooted and practical development assistance to the developing countries.
Second, Korea should base its cooperation model on a “win-win” and a positive-sum scenario.
Rather than considering development cooperation as some mere acts of one-way “giving”, Korea should seek ways in which Korean companies and local governments can also benefit from helping developing countries through trilateral cooperation and/or public-private partnership. Development cooperation should be considered as a long term investment for Korea’s own future.
Thank you.
